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Blake Plateau
The Blake Plateau lies in the western Atlantic Ocean off the southeastern United States coasts of North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia and Florida. The Blake Plateau lies between the North American continental shelf and the deep ocean basin extending about 145 kilometers (90 miles) east and west by 170 kilometers (106 miles) north and south, with a depth of about 500 meters (1,640 feet) inshore sloping to about 1,000 meters (3,281 feet) about 375 kilometers (233 miles) off shore, where the Blake Escarpment drops steeply to the deep basin. The Blake Plateau, associated Blake Ridge and Blake Basin are named for the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey steamer ''George S. Blake'', in service 1874-1905, that first used steel cable for oceanographic operations and pioneered deep ocean and (Gulf Stream ) exploration. Survey lines of the steamer ''Blake'' first defined the plateau that now bears the ship's name.
== History ==
In July 1880 ''Blake'' under the command of Commander John R. Bartlett, 〔The Navy oceanographic ship (USNS ''Bartlett'' (T-AGOR-13) ) was named in his honor.〕 U.S.N., was working with sounding gear designed by Lieutenant Commander Sigsbee in cooperation with Alexander Agassiz collecting biological samples and examining the Gulf Stream running eastward from (Cape Romain ) when, in taking frequent soundings eastward, "depths on this line were unexpectedly small, the axis of the Gulf Stream being crossed before a depth of three hundred fathoms (1,800 feet/549 meters) was found" with a bottom of "hard coral" and little life. This was early indication of the plateau that would in the future carry the ship's name. In 1882 Commander Bartlett described the plateau:
Bartlett reported the scouring effect of the current on the plateau, noting that on each side of the current the sounding cylinder, a device for sampling the nature of the bottom with the sounding, brought up ooze. Within the current the "bottom was washed nearly bare", with particles being small and broken pieces of coral rock and so hard the sharp edge of the brass cylinder was bent.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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